��ѹ�ҹ (conjunction) ��е��ҧ

��Ѻ��ا : 2560-03-04 (�� font �ҡ��¹͡)

COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS for : ��Ѻ

He is overweight, for he eats too many cakes and biscuits.

�ҹ��˹ѡ�Թ ��Ѻ��÷�� ҡԹ��Т��ѧ��ͺ�ҡ�Թ�

and : ��

Most children like cookies and milk.

��ǹ�˭�ͺ��ꡡ��й�

nor : ��

He doesn�t eat cake, nor does he eat biscuits.

��Թ�� Թ��ѧ��ͺ

but : ��

I like coffee, but I don't like tea.

�ѹ�ͺ�� ѹ��ͺ��

or : ��

The gold is hidden at the beach or by the lakeside.

�ͧ�Ӷ١��͹��Ҵ ��Һ

yet : �ѧ

Sombat plays soccor well, yet his favorite sport is tennis.

��ѵ��蹿ص�� ҷ��Ҫ�蹪ͺ��෹��

so : �ѧ��

Sombat was late for work, so he received a cut in pay.

��ѵԷӧҹ��Ҫ�� ѧ��Ҷ١�Ѵ��Ҩ�ҧ

CORRELATIVE CONJUNCTIONSboth . . and : ��ͧ��ҧ

The game is suitable both for children and for adults.

��Ѻ�� Ѻ��˭�

either . . or : ��ҧ㴡��ҧ˹��

You can either stay here or come with us.

�س��ö��ҡѺ��

just as . . so too : ��ǡѺ �ѧ��鹴��

Just as you sow, so too shall you reap.

��ǡѺ�س��ҹ�ת �ѧ��鹤س��Ѻ�Ŵ��

neither . . nor : ��ͧ��ҧ

Neither Sombat nor Somchai was to blame for the mistake.

��ѵ��·��١��ҷӼԴ��Ҵ

not . . but : �� 

Burin grilled meat for not only Kounchanok but also Chaochao, her dog.

��Թ��ҧ��Ѻ੾�Т�ѭ��Ѻ��عѢ�ͧ��͹��

whether . . or : �� 

Whether to stay or to go is a decision only you can make.

��ͨ��繡�õѴ�Թ㨷��س��ͧ�繤��

CONJUNCTIVE ADVERBSafter all : ��ѧ�ҡ��

After all we had done, he was still ungrateful.

��ѧ��价�� ҡ��ѧ�äس��

also : ��

I bought a new shirt; also I bought some new shoes.

�ѹ�� ͧ��

as a matter of fact : 㹤��繨�ԧ

She does not look well; as a matter of fact, she has been ill for weeks.

�ʹ�� 㹤��繨�ԧ�ͻ��ѻ��

as a result : �繼Ţͧ

It rained very hard; as a result, the game was canceled.

��˹ѡ �繼��ͧ¡��ԡ��觢ѹ

besides : �͡�˹�ͨҡ

This is good cheese; besides it's made locally.

��·�� ͡�ҡ��ѧ��㹷�ͧ��

consequently : �ѧ��

The thunder and lightning were intense; consequently, the crowd dispersed.

��ͧ��Ҽ��ع�ç �ѧ��鹽٧��ͧ��¡ѹ�

finally : 㹷��ش

I took a course on grammar; finally, I know how to use a semicolon.

�ѹŧ��¹��ѡ�ٵ��ҡó� 㹷��ش��ѡ��ͧ��Ѳ�Ҥ

for example : ��ҧ��

Sombat loves himself very much; for example, he should do exercise everyday.

��ѵ��ѡ��ͧ�ҡ �ҡ��ҧ��͡��ѧ��·ء�ѹ

furthermore : �͡�ҡ��

The gods thundered in the heavens; furthermore, the mortals below cowered in fear.

��觿�Ҽ��ä� �͡�ҡ��ͧ��ҧ��㹤��Ҵ��

hence : ��˵ع��

I took a course on grammar; hence, I am qualified to become an editor.

�ѹŧ��¹��ѡ�ٵ��ҡó� �ѧ��鹨֧�١�Ԩ�ó��繼��Ǩ��

however : ��ҧ�á��

Sombat always sleeps on the subway; however, he has never been robbed.

��ѵԹ͹��Ѻ��ö��Թ�� ҧ�á��¶١��

in addition : �͡�˹��

We really need to go to the mall; in addition, we should see a movie.

��ҵ�ͧ��ҧ��ԧ � �͡�ҡ��Ҥ��˹ѧ��

in fact : 㹤��繨�ԧ

I know Tom can, in fact, sing very well.

�ѹ��ҷ��ö 㹤��繨�ԧ��ͧ�ŧ��ҡ

in other words : ��ա��˹��

Money and I are strangers; in other words, I am poor.

�Թ�Ѻ�ѹ�繤��š˹�ҡѹ ��ա��˹�觤�� ѹ�ѹ��

incidentally : �ºѧ��ԭ

Burin went to the mountains to go climbing; incidentally, the resort was celebrating its anniversary.

��Թ��ͻչ�� ºѧ��ԭ��취Ѵ�ҹ��ͧ��Шӻ�

indeed : ��ԧ �

He is nervous; indeed, he worries about problems a lot.

�Ҵٻ��ҷ 㹤��繨�ԧ��ջѭ��ҡ

instead : ᷹

We went by train instead of by car.

��ö�᷹��ö¹��

likewise : 㹷ӹͧ��ǡѹ

They returned home. Likewise, I went home.

�ǡ�ҡ�Ѻ��ҹ 㹷ӹͧ��ǡѹ �ѹ��仺�ҹ

meanwhile : 㹢��ǡѹ

The tyranosaurs were migrating south; meanwhile, the apatosaurs breathed a sigh of relief.

��ѹ⹫��ʡ��ѧ;¾价ҧ�� ǡѹ ;�⵫��㨴��¤��͡

moreover : ��仡��ҹ��

You are a fool; moreover, you dress badly.

�س�繤�� 仡��ҹ�鹤س�ѧ�觵��

nevertheless : �֧��й�� ҧ�á��

I took a course on grammar; nevertheless, I still make mistakes.

next : ��

I wanted to go home; next, I did my homework.

nonetheless : �֧��й�� ҧ�á��

It was pouring outside; nonetheless, he still went for his evening run.

on the contrary : 㹷ҧ�ç�ѹ��

He seems cheery but, on the contrary, he is sad.

on the other hand : 㹷ҧ��Ѻ�ѹ

My car payments are high; on the other hand, I really enjoy driving such a nice vehicle.

otherwise : �ԩй��

Stop making that noise, otherwise I'll call the police.

still : �ѧ��

I study long and hard. Still, I do not progress very much.

then : ��ǡ�

We ate our meal; then we had dessert.

therefore : �ѧ��

Sombat didn�t study; therefore, he failed the exam.

thus : �ѧ��

Sombat is a grammar tyrant; thus, he requires correct punctuation.

SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONSafter : ��ѧ�ҡ

We will go for coffee after we have our meal.

although : ��

Although I make mistakes now, I expect to be better later.

as : ��

As I am a dedicated teacher, I try to explain things as much as I can.

as far as : ��ҷ��

We felt pretty safe as far as the fire was concerned.

as if : ��͹�Ѻ

The man stumbled, as if he were about to fall.

as soon as : �� 

She will come as soon as the party begins.

as though : ��ǡѺ��

It looks as though there will be a storm.

because : ��

Because he studied at Oxford, I trust his grammar knowledge.

before : ��͹

Before you make your payment, you should contact our finance office.

even if : �֧��

Even if the sky is falling down, you�ll be my only.

even though : �֧��

Even though I�d heard the song before, I hadn�t known who sang it.

how : ��ҧ��

You can live your life how you want.

if : ��

If you give me five dollars, I will give you a piece of pie.

in case (that) : 㹡ó� (��)

Let me know in case you feel sick.

in order (that) : ��º

I spoke very slowly in order that the students could understand what I said.

in that : 㹡�÷��

The�new�system is�better�in that it�provides�faster�access�to the Internet.

inasmuch as : ��Һ��ҷ��

I am extremely lucky inasmuch as I have a very strong and loving wife.

insofar as : ��Һ��ҷ��

She cites other scholars� work only insofar as it supports her own theories.

lest : ��

I watched closely, lest he make a mistake.

no matter : ��

No matter who you are, I will love you.

now that : 㹢�й��

Now that all the supervisors are here, the meeting can begin.

once : ��˹��

Once you�ve learnt how to cycle, it�s very easy

provided (that) : �� (��)

I�ll lend you my car, providing you promise to be careful.

since : ��

I�ve been very busy since I started my new job.

so that : �ѧ��

I sent her to the grammar course so that she will improve her writing.

supposing (that) : �� (��)

Supposing that you got the job, would you accept the position?

than : ��

We shouldn�t spend more than we earn.

that : ��

Hold it up so that everyone can see it.

though : ��

I am sad to see him go, though I know he will be happy.

till : ��֧

I will wait until I hear from you.

unless : ��

Unless you pay the tuition, you will not be registered.

until : ��з��

She did not come until the party was half over.

when : ��

I will be an expert grammarian when I complete the course.

whenever : ��á��

Whenever I go, I try to see something I�ve never seen before.

where : ��˹

Where I go, they always have sales.

wherever : ��˹��

We will accompany you wherever you go.

whether : ��

Whether or not you agree, I think it looks fine.

while : 㹢�з��

While we are studying in this course we must do our homework daily.

why : ��

She�ll ask why you don�t have your homework.

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